Research map/Stanford University/Stephen A. Baccus Lab

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Stephen A. Baccus Lab

Stephen A. Baccus

How retinal circuits transform visual information, adapt and compute; models that connect predictions to mechanisms.

Official research website ↗

Independent educational resource. Not affiliated with or endorsed by this university or laboratory.

Questions behind the work

Research questions

01

How does the retina extract useful features from visual scenes?

02

How do circuits adapt to changing stimulus statistics and distinguish object motion?

03

When can an interpretable model suggest a testable circuit mechanism?

Your recommended path

Learn this research

Research primer

Neural Circuits, Vision, and Computation

6 lessons · ~45 minutes

An independent one-hour primer on retinal computation, neural coding, adaptation, experimental neuroscience, interpretable models, and neural perturbation, designed around research themes relevant to the Stephen A. Baccus Lab.

Watch videos
  1. 01What does it mean for a neural circuit to compute?
  2. 02The retina is a neural computer, not a camera
  3. 03Adaptation, prediction, and motion
  4. 04How do we measure a neural computation?
  5. 05From neural data to interpretable models
  6. 06Beyond the retina: cortex, behavior, and ultrasound

Key concepts

Electrophysiology and neural population recording

Interpret spike trains, raster plots, and firing rates from electrophysiology and imaging.

Function, computation, and mechanism

Distinguish the function, computation, and mechanism of a circuit.

Interpretable models and mechanistic hypotheses

Explain why predictive accuracy does not by itself establish biological mechanism.

Linking neural representation to behavior

Explain how researchers connect stimulus, neural activity, and behavior.

Neural adaptation and sensitization

Explain adaptation and sensitization as responses to changing stimulus statistics.

Neural computation as input-output transformation

Describe a neural computation as a transformation from input to output.

Neural perturbation and ultrasound neurostimulation

Describe focused ultrasound as an experimental tool for neural perturbation and its current limits.

Observation, perturbation, and causal evidence

Explain why perturbation provides stronger mechanistic evidence than recording alone.

Prediction and object-motion computation

Describe how retinal circuits use regularities to anticipate motion and separate object from global motion.

Predictive models of neural responses

Describe a linear-nonlinear model r(t) = f(k * s(t)) and how it is evaluated on held-out data.

Receptive fields and visual feature extraction

Predict ganglion-cell responses from center-surround receptive fields.

Retinal circuitry and ganglion-cell output

Trace visual signals from photoreceptors to ganglion cells and the optic nerve.

Important papers

J Neurosci 28:6807–6817 · 2008

A retinal circuit that computes object motion

Baccus SA, Ölveczky BP, Manu M, Meister M

Why this matters: Connects a retinal motion computation to a candidate inhibitory circuit.

DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4206-07.2008

Independent project ideas inspired by this research

Projects you could do

Educational ideas using public or synthetic data. These projects are not offered or supervised by the lab or research group.

Introductory

Build a center-surround vision model

Computational / literature-data study

Simulate responses to local contrast and global motion; compare model outputs across receptive-field settings.

Background
Retina, Python, Neural coding
Data
Synthetic images and motion sequences generated in a notebook.
Output
Reproducible notebook or evidence table + research poster

Independent educational idea, not offered or supervised by the lab. Use public or synthetic data only; no wet-lab, animal, clinical or human-subject procedures.

Introductory

Compare adaptation and sensitization models

Computational / literature-data study

Generate synthetic spike trains for changing contrast and evaluate two declared response models.

Background
Adaptation, Statistics
Data
Synthetic stimuli and spike trains.
Output
Reproducible notebook or evidence table + research poster

Independent educational idea, not offered or supervised by the lab. Use public or synthetic data only; no wet-lab, animal, clinical or human-subject procedures.

Introductory

When does a predictive model remain interpretable?

Computational / literature-data study

Compare a linear filter with a small neural network on synthetic retinal responses using held-out stimuli.

Background
Interpretable machine learning, Model evaluation
Data
Synthetic retinal responses; record simulation assumptions.
Output
Reproducible notebook or evidence table + research poster

Independent educational idea, not offered or supervised by the lab. Use public or synthetic data only; no wet-lab, animal, clinical or human-subject procedures.

Related labs and groups

Ranked by shared research topics in the current collection.

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Shared topics: Computational neuroscience, Electrophysiology, Neural circuits, Neural network models

5 lessons · ~27 minutes

Explore the lab