01
Research group guide
Stephen A. Baccus Lab
Stephen A. BaccusHow retinal circuits transform visual information, adapt and compute; models that connect predictions to mechanisms.
Official research website ↗Independent educational resource. Not affiliated with or endorsed by this university or laboratory.
Questions behind the work
Research questions
02
How do circuits adapt to changing stimulus statistics and distinguish object motion?
03
When can an interpretable model suggest a testable circuit mechanism?
Your recommended path
Learn this research
Research primer
Neural Circuits, Vision, and Computation
6 lessons · ~45 minutes
An independent one-hour primer on retinal computation, neural coding, adaptation, experimental neuroscience, interpretable models, and neural perturbation, designed around research themes relevant to the Stephen A. Baccus Lab.
Key concepts
Electrophysiology and neural population recording
Interpret spike trains, raster plots, and firing rates from electrophysiology and imaging.
Function, computation, and mechanism
Distinguish the function, computation, and mechanism of a circuit.
Interpretable models and mechanistic hypotheses
Explain why predictive accuracy does not by itself establish biological mechanism.
Linking neural representation to behavior
Explain how researchers connect stimulus, neural activity, and behavior.
Neural adaptation and sensitization
Explain adaptation and sensitization as responses to changing stimulus statistics.
Neural computation as input-output transformation
Describe a neural computation as a transformation from input to output.
Neural perturbation and ultrasound neurostimulation
Describe focused ultrasound as an experimental tool for neural perturbation and its current limits.
Observation, perturbation, and causal evidence
Explain why perturbation provides stronger mechanistic evidence than recording alone.
Prediction and object-motion computation
Describe how retinal circuits use regularities to anticipate motion and separate object from global motion.
Predictive models of neural responses
Describe a linear-nonlinear model r(t) = f(k * s(t)) and how it is evaluated on held-out data.
Receptive fields and visual feature extraction
Predict ganglion-cell responses from center-surround receptive fields.
Retinal circuitry and ganglion-cell output
Trace visual signals from photoreceptors to ganglion cells and the optic nerve.
Important papers
J Neurosci 28:6807–6817 · 2008
A retinal circuit that computes object motion
Baccus SA, Ölveczky BP, Manu M, Meister M
Why this matters: Connects a retinal motion computation to a candidate inhibitory circuit.
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4206-07.2008
Nature 436:71–77 · 2005
Dynamic predictive coding by the retina
Hosoya T, Baccus SA, Meister M
Why this matters: Shows how retinal encoding changes with stimulus statistics.
DOI: 10.1038/nature03689
Neuron 111:2742–2755 · 2023
Interpreting the retinal neural code for natural scenes: from computations to neurons
Maheswaranathan N, McIntosh LT, Tanaka H, Grant S, Kastner DB, Melander JB, Nayebi A, Brezovec LE, Wang JH, Ganguli S, Baccus SA
Why this matters: Connects predictive retinal models to interpretable computations.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.06.007
Independent project ideas inspired by this research
Projects you could do
Educational ideas using public or synthetic data. These projects are not offered or supervised by the lab or research group.
Introductory
Build a center-surround vision model
Computational / literature-data study
Simulate responses to local contrast and global motion; compare model outputs across receptive-field settings.
- Background
- Retina, Python, Neural coding
- Data
- Synthetic images and motion sequences generated in a notebook.
- Output
- Reproducible notebook or evidence table + research poster
Independent educational idea, not offered or supervised by the lab. Use public or synthetic data only; no wet-lab, animal, clinical or human-subject procedures.
Introductory
Compare adaptation and sensitization models
Computational / literature-data study
Generate synthetic spike trains for changing contrast and evaluate two declared response models.
- Background
- Adaptation, Statistics
- Data
- Synthetic stimuli and spike trains.
- Output
- Reproducible notebook or evidence table + research poster
Independent educational idea, not offered or supervised by the lab. Use public or synthetic data only; no wet-lab, animal, clinical or human-subject procedures.
Introductory
When does a predictive model remain interpretable?
Computational / literature-data study
Compare a linear filter with a small neural network on synthetic retinal responses using held-out stimuli.
- Background
- Interpretable machine learning, Model evaluation
- Data
- Synthetic retinal responses; record simulation assumptions.
- Output
- Reproducible notebook or evidence table + research poster
Independent educational idea, not offered or supervised by the lab. Use public or synthetic data only; no wet-lab, animal, clinical or human-subject procedures.
Related labs and groups
Ranked by shared research topics in the current collection.
Bronte-Stewart Lab
Helen Bronte-StewartHuman Motor Control and Neuromodulation Laboratory: linking quantitative movement measurements with implanted subthalamic local field potentials and neuromodulation to understand Parkinson’s disease and develop personalized adaptive therapies.
Shared topics: Computational neuroscience, Electrophysiology, Neural circuits, Neural network models
5 lessons · ~27 minutes
Explore the labKarl Deisseroth Lab
Karl DeisserothControlling, mapping and modeling neural circuits across cell types, space and behavior.
Shared topics: Electrophysiology, Neural circuits, Neural network models
9 lessons · ~48 minutes
Explore the labMichelle Monje Lab
Michelle MonjeResearch at the intersection of neurodevelopment, glioma biology, neural activity, tumor microenvironment signaling, cancer neuroscience, and mechanism-guided therapies.
Shared topics: Electrophysiology, Neural circuits
9 lessons · ~50 minutes
Explore the lab